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A woman from the Iranian diaspora writes ‘#no to death penalty’ on her neck at a protest in support of Iranian women after the death of Jhina Amini in Istanbul, Turkey, on 19 November 2022. Photo: Reuters/Umit Bektas
How free
are we?
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Freedom of expression is under threat and in decline across the world

The Global Expression Report (GxR) is an annual look at the right to free expression and information across the world. The GxR metric tracks freedom of expression across 161 countries via 25 indicators to create a score between 0 and 100 for every country. That score places it in an expression category.
Countries per expression category
38
22
26
40
35
People per expression category
2,715m
2,203m
1,242m
683m
1,056m
In crisis
0-19
Highly Restricted
Highly restricted
20-39
Restricted
40-59
Less restricted
60-79
Open
80-100
Around the globe, 80% of us have less freedom of expression than we had a decade ago. That’s more than 6 billion people in more than 80 countries.

The Global Expression Score (the mean average of country scores) has seen a 6-point decline since 2012, but the Human Score (weighted by population) – which shows the real cost of that loss – has dropped 13 points in just 10 years.

The divergence between these scores is relatively new: Between 2000 and 2012, the Human Score held steady – more or less in line with the Global Expression Score – but declines began to accelerate after 2012.
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Global facts in numbers

80%
The 21st century has so far been a disaster for freedom: repression has increased for 80% of us worldwide
6bn
That’s more than 6 billion people living with less freedom of expression than they had in the year 2000
13%
Only 13% of us now live in Open countries – fewer people than at any time this century so far
Far more people are experiencing increases in repression than decreases. This is true over all our key periods: 1, 5, and 10 years. 
  
In the last year, 363 million people across 12 countries experienced declines in their freedom of expression, while 165 million people across 7 countries saw advances.
In the last 5 years, 4.7 billion across 51 countries experienced declines in their freedom of expression, while only 673 million people in 25 countries saw advances.
In the last 10 years, 6.3 billion people across 81 countries experienced declines in their freedom of expression, while 452 million people in 21 countries saw advances.

There are more countries in which freedoms are in decline than countries seeing rises in expression. What’s more, the countries in decline contain many more people than countries in advance, which tend to have much smaller populations. 95% of countries that advanced in the last decade had populations of under 50 million people, while only 74% of countries that declined over the same period had populations of that size.
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Regions

An overview of the regional data, including scores, rankings, advances and declines – plus data download.
Sub-Saharan Africa
A map of Sub-Saharan Africa with different colour indicating freedom of expression scores.
Americas
A map of the Americas with different colour indicating freedom of expression scores.
Asia and the Pacific
A map of the Asia and the Pacific with different colour indicating freedom of expression scores.
Europe and Central Asia
A map of Europe and Central Asia with different colour indicating freedom of expression scores.
Middle East and North Africa
A map of the Middle East and North Africa with different colour indicating freedom of expression scores.
Sub-Saharan Africa
Americas
A map of the Americas with different colour indicating freedom of expression scores.
Asia and the Pacific
A map of the Asia and the Pacific with different colour indicating freedom of expression scores.
Europe and Central Asia
A map of Europe and Central Asia with different colour indicating freedom of expression scores.
Middle East and North Africa
A map of the Middle East and North Africa with different colour indicating freedom of expression scores.

Features

Insights and analysis
A closer look at our data, analysing trends and patterns and looking a little closer at key countries.
Methodology
A blindfolded protestor holding a sign that says 'photographer does not equal pirate' during a rally in support of Denis Sinyakov, one of the journalists arrested, 2013. Photo credit: Valya Egorshin
The full explanation of where our data comes from, how we create our metric, and what our measures mean.
About
What this report is for, how it can be used, the team who creates it, and what’s next for this data project.
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